Treatment

Definition

Product applied

Process

CONVENTIONAL SEAL

(CS)

Single/

single

Single application of binder covered by a single application of aggregate.

Hot bitumen

and cutback if required.

1.  Brooming the existing surface,

2.  Spraying binder,

3.  Spreading / Covering with aggregate,

4.  Rolling aggregate for embedment,

5.  Brooming / Removing the excess aggregate.

Single/

Double

Single application of binder covered by a double application of aggregate.

Hot bitumen

and cutback if required.

Same as above with step 3 done twice.

Double/

Double

Double application of binder each covered by an application of aggregate.

Hot bitumen

and cutback if required.

Same as above with steps 2 & 3 done twice.

HIGH STRENGTH SEAL

(HSS)

Application of a modified binder to resist heavier than normal traffic loading such as that applied by braking, accelerating or turning vehicles.

Low to medium concentration of PMB

1.  Brooming the existing surface,

2.  Spraying modified binder,

3.  Spreading / Covering with aggregate,

4.  Rolling aggregate for embedment,

5.  Brooming / Removing the excess aggregate.

STRAIN ALLEVIATING MEMBRANE

(SAM)

Treatment used to absorb strains that occur in a road pavement and thereby reduce reflection cracking.

Relatively large concentration of rubber or polymer modifier

Same as above